: Historically, Southeast Asian societies often viewed gender through a "gender pluralism" lens, where the divine was seen as encompassing both masculine and feminine traits.

In Southeast Asian societies, particularly Thailand, the kathoey identity has roots in long-standing cultural and religious traditions.

Despite being a visible part of the social fabric, young ladyboys face a complex landscape of celebration and discrimination.

: Thai Buddhism often interprets being born as a kathoey through the concept of karma. Some believe it is the result of breaking religious precepts in a past life, which can lead to a mix of social tolerance and pity.