The rulers who possess true knowledge and wisdom.
Plato's Republic : The Blueprint of an Ideal Society Plato's (Greek: Politeia ) is arguably the most influential work in Western political philosophy. Written around 375 BC, it takes the form of a Socratic dialogue, where Socrates and various interlocutors explore the nature of justice, the character of the "just man," and the structure of an ideal city-state, known as Kallipolis . The Core Inquiry: What is Justice? Platon - Devlet
To define justice on a larger scale, Plato describes a hypothetical city divided into three distinct classes, each corresponding to a part of the human soul: The rulers who possess true knowledge and wisdom
The philosopher’s duty is to return to the cave to guide others, even though they may be met with resistance. The Decay of Regimes The Core Inquiry: What is Justice
Plato emphasizes that for a city to remain just, its citizens—especially the rulers—must receive a rigorous education ( Paideia ). This includes music, gymnastics, and eventually mathematics and dialectic to reach the "Idea of the Good". The famous illustrates this journey:
A state is "just" when each class performs its specific function without interfering with the others. The Role of Education and the "Cave"