The perpendicular distance from the own ship to the target's relative motion line. 5. Advanced Refinements
💡 While the basic CPA method provides a "point-in-time" safety check, modern ocean navigation requires combining CPA with Ship Domain models to ensure reliable collision avoidance in busy shipping lanes. If you'd like, I can provide: The specific mathematical formulas for DCPA and TCPA A summary of COLREG rules related to collision avoidance Ocean CPA method.pdf
The direction of the target's movement relative to the own ship. The perpendicular distance from the own ship to
The minimum distance (usually in nautical miles) between the vessels at the moment of closest approach. Ocean CPA method.pdf
Provides GPS-based data including SOG (Speed Over Ground) and COG (Course Over Ground). 4. Calculation Methodology