Verifies user identities and provides security keys for encryption.
Support for data transmission, originally limited to 9.6 kbps but later improved through upgrades like GPRS and EDGE . GSM – Architecture, Protocols and Services
Handles the radio link with mobile devices. It includes the Base Transceiver Station (BTS) , which contains the radio transmitters and receivers, and the Base Station Controller (BSC) , which manages radio resources and handovers for multiple BTSs. Verifies user identities and provides security keys for
The GSM network architecture is divided into three primary subsystems that manage communication, switching, and operations: and the Base Station Controller (BSC)
A permanent database containing subscriber profiles and their last known location.
GSM provides a variety of standard services and built-in security measures:
GSM uses a layered protocol structure for communication between the mobile station and the network: