: Such as the Saharan oryx and North American bison.
: Bovids have a specialized four-chambered stomach (rumen, reticulum, omasum, and abomasum) designed for fermenting and digesting tough plant cellulose.
: They lack upper incisors and canines; instead, they have a thick dental pad used to grip vegetation.
: Inhabited by muskox and mountain goats.
: All males, and many females, possess permanent, unbranched horns. Unlike antlers, these consist of a keratin sheath over a bony core and are never shed.
While bovids are native to Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America, the . They occupy nearly every land environment, including:
