: Antibiotic-impregnated discs are placed on a bacterial "lawn." The resulting Zone of Inhibition (the clear area where no growth occurs) is measured to categorize the organism as Sensitive (S) , Intermediate (I) , or Resistant (R) .
: The lowest concentration of an antimicrobic required to prevent visible growth of the pathogen.
Antimicrobics work by targeting essential biological processes in microbes that are absent or different in human cells. The five primary targets in bacteria include:
This guide provides an overview of (antimicrobial agents), covering their definitions, how they are tested in clinical settings, and the principles for using them effectively to combat resistance. 1. Defining Antimicrobics