4 : Real Face Apr 2026

Systems often struggle more with real faces at extreme angles or varying distances (e.g., beyond 2.7 meters) than they do with static spoofs.

Detecting the subtle color changes in a real face caused by a heartbeat (Remote Photoplethysmography), which is absent in printed or replay attacks . 4 : Real Face

Using variable focusing to determine if the subject has 3D depth (real human) or is a 2D flat surface (photo). Systems often struggle more with real faces at

Papers involving this classification typically utilize specific detection methods: 4 : Real Face